The Treatment of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire
MISCELLANEOUS No. 3 (1916).
THE TREATMENT OF ARMENIANS in the Ottoman Empire 1915-16
Documents presented to
VISCOUNT GREY OF FALLODON
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
By Viscount Bryce
With a preface by
VISCOUNT BRYCE
LONDON:
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TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Maps - Preface, Correspondence and Letters
The titles are italicised in the case of documents which relate merely to the condition of refugees in Egypt and Caucasia, and not to the events in Turkey and N.W. Persia of which these refugees had been the victims.
i Map of Districts affected.
ii Correspondence between Viscount Grey of Fallodon and Viscount Bryce.
iii Preface by Viscount Bryce.
iv Letter from Mr. H. A. L. Fisher, Vice-Chancellor of Sheffield University, to Viscount Bryce.
v Letter from Prof. Gilbert Murray, Regius Professor of Greek in the University of Oxford, to Viscount Bryce.
vi Letter from Mr. Moorfield Storey, ex-President of the American Bar Association, to Viscount Bryce.
vii Letter from Four German Missionaries to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs at Berlin.
viii Memorandum by the Editor of the Documents.
I.---GENERAL DESCRIPTIONS.
1. Despatch from Mr. Henry Wood, Correspondent of the American " United Press" at Constantinople; published in the American Press, 14th August, 1915.
2. Despatch, dated 11th June, 1915, from an especially well-informed neutral source at Constantinople ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
3. Extract from a letter, dated Arabkir, 25th June/8th July, 1915, communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
4. Letter from an authoritative source, dated Constantinople, 15 /28th June, 1915 ; published in the New York journal "Gotchnag," 28th August, 1915.
5. Letter from the same source, dated Constantinople, 12 /25th July, 1915 ; published in the New York journal "Gotchnag," 28th August, 1915.
6. Letter from the same source, dated Constantinople, 13/26th July, 1915, and addressed to a distinguished Armenian resident beyond the Ottoman frontier.
7. Letter from the same source, dated Constantinople, 2nd/15th August, 1915, and addressed to the same Armenian resident beyond the Ottoman frontier.
8. Extracts from a letter, dated Athens, 8th/21st July, 1915 from an Armenian formerly resident in Turkey to a prominent Armenian in Western Europe.
9. Letter. dated 3rd /16th August, 19 15, conveyed beyond the Ottoman frontier by an Armenian refugee from Cilicia in the sole of her shoe .
10. Letter from Mr. N., a foreign resident at Constantinople, dated 27th August, 1915; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
11. Memorandum dated 15 /28th October, 1915, from a well-informed source at Bukarest, relating to the extermination of the Armenians in Turkey.
12. Information regarding events in Armenia, published in the "Sonnenaufgang" (organ of the "German League for the Promotion of Christian Charitable Work in the East"), October, 1915; and in the "Allgemeine Missions-Zeitschrift," November, 1915.
13. Statement made by a foreign resident at Constantinople to a Swiss gentleman at Geneva, communicated by the latter.
14. Cablegram, dated 4th May, 1916, transmitted through the State Department at Washington to the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief, from the Committee's representatives in Turkey.
II.---VILAYET OF VAN.
15. The American Mission at Van: Narrative printed privately in the United States by Miss Grace Higley Knapp (1915).
16. Van : Letter dated Van, 7th June, 1915, from Mr. Y. K. Rushdouni; published in the " Manchester Guardian," August, 1915.
17. Van: Narrative by Mr. Y. K. Rushdouni, published serial ly in the Armenian journal "Gotchnag," of New York.
18. Van after the Turkish retreat : Letter from Herr Spörri, of the German Mission at Van, published in the German journal "Sonnenaufgang," October, 1915.
19. Van after the massacres: Narrative of Mr. A. S. Safrastian, dated Van, 2nd December, 1915, and published in the Armenian journal "Ararat," of London, January, 1916.
20. Van: Interview with a refugee, Mrs. Gazarian, published in the "Pioneer Press," of St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A.
III---VILAYET OF BITLIS.
21. The North-Eastern Vilayets : Statement communicated by the Refugee Roupen, of Sassoun, to the Armenian Community at Moscow; published in the Russian Press, and subsequently reprinted in the "Gazette de Lausanne," 13th February, 1916.
22. Bitlis, Moush and Sassoun : Record of an interview with Roupen, of Sassoun, by Mr. A. S. Safrastian, dated Tiflis, 6th November, 1915.
23. Moush : Statement by a German eye-witness of occurrences at Moush; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
24. Moush District: Narrative of a deported woman, related by her to Mr. Vartkes, of Moush, recorded by him on the 25th July, 1915, and published subsequently in the Armenian journal "Van-Tosp.".
25. Moush : Résumé of information furnished by refugees in the Caucasus and published in the Caucasian Press, especially in the Armenian journal "Mschak " ; compiled by Mr. G. H. Paelian, and communicated by him to the Armenian journal "Ararat," of London, March, 1916.
26. Bitlis : Letter dated 14th October, 1915, from a foreign resident at Bitlis to a German official ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
IV.---AZERBAIJAN AND HAKKIARI.
27. Urmia : Statement by the Rev. William A. Shedd, D.D., of the American (Presbyterian) Mission Station at Urmia; communicated by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
28. First Exodus from Urmia, January, 1915: Report, dated 1st March, 1915, from the Rev. Robert M. Labaree, of the American Mission Station at Urmia, to the Hon. F. Willoughby Smith, U. S. Consul at Tiflis ; communicated by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
29. Azerbaijan, behind the Russian front : Extracts from a series of letters by the Rev. Robert M. Labaree ; communicated by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
30. Tabriz: Letter dated Tabriz, 17th March, 1915, from the Rev. F. N, Jessup ; communicated by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
31. Urmia during the Turco-Kurdish occupation : Diary of a Missionary, edited by Miss Mary Schauffier Platt, and published by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
32. Urmia after its evacuation by the Turks and Kurds: Letter dated Urmia, 20th May, 1915, from Mrs. J. P . Cochran to friends in the United States ; communicated by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
33. Urmia : Letter, dated Urmia, 25th May, 1915, from the Rev. Y. M. Nisan to the Rev. F. N. Heazell, Organising Secretary of the Archbishop of Canterbury's Assyrian Mission.
34. Urmia : Narrative of Dr. Jacob, Sargis, recorded in a despatch, dated Petrograd, 12th February, 1916, from the correspondent at Petrograd of the American "Associated Press".
35. Urmia: Extracts from the Annual Report (for the year 1915) presented by the Medical Department at Urmia to the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
36. Urmia, Salmas and Hakkiari: Statement by Mr. Paul Shimmon, published in the Armenian journal "Ararat," of London, November, 1915.
37. Hakkiari: Statement by Mr. Paul Shimmon, published in the "Churchman" newspaper, and subsequently issued as a pamphlet; communicated by Mrs. D. S. Margoliouth, of Oxford.
38. Refugees from the Hakkiari District : Series of extracts from letters by members of the American Mission Station at Urmia ; communicated by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A.
39. Refugees from Hakkiari : Letter dated 26th September / 9th October, 1915, from a relative. of Mar Shimun, the Patriarch; communicated by the Rev. F. N. Heazell.
40. Refugees from Hakkiari : Letter, dated Diliman, 1st/14th April, 1916, from Surma, the sister of Mar Shimun, to Mrs. D. S. Margoliouth, of Oxford.
41. The Nestorians of the Bohtan District : Letter, dated Salmas, 6th March, 1916, from the Rev. E.W. McDowell, of the Urmia Mission Station, reporting information brought by a young man (with whom Mr. McDowell was previously acquainted) who had escaped the massacre; communicated by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
42. Second Exodus from Urmia : Letter dated Tabriz, 20th August, 1915, from Mr. Hugo A. M¸ller (Treasurer of the American Mission Station at Urmia) ; communicated by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
43. Second Exodus from Urmia : Narrative of a Nestorian victim, the wife of the Rev. David Jacob, of Urmia, published in the Armenian journal "Ararat," of London, January, 1916.
44. Urmia District : Report on the distribution of relief, covering the period 1st June to 31st December, 1915 ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
45. Azerbaijan : Statement, dated Tiflis, 22nd February, 1916, by Mr. M. Philips Price, War Correspondent for various British and American newspapers on the Caucasian Front; communicated to Aneurin Williams, Esq., M.P., and published in the Armenian journal "Ararat," of London, March, 1916.
V.---THE REFUGEES IN THE CAUCASUS.
46. The Flight to the Caucasus :Despatches to the Armenian journal Horizon," ofTillis, from Mr. Sampson Aroutiounian, President of the Armenian National Committee of Tiflis, who went in person to meet the Refugees.
47. The Flight to the Caucasus: Despatch from the special correspondent of the Armenian journal "Arev," of Bakou ***.
48. Memorandum on the condition of Armenian Refugees in the Caucasus and Orphans at Van; compiled in the British Foreign Office from information, dated 9th December, 1915, which was furnished by Mr. Stevens, British Consul at Batoum.
49. Memorandum on the condition of Armenian Refugees in the Caucasus ; compiled in the British Foreign Office from information, dated 29th. December, 1915, which was furnished by Mr. Stevens, British Consul at Batoum.
50. Report on the activity of Armenian Refugee Relief Organisations in the Caucasus and Turkish Armenia; enclosed in a despatch (No. L), dated Batoum, 3rd January, 1916, from Mr. Consul Stevens to the British Foreign Office.
51. Refugees in the Caucasus : Letter dated Erivan, 29th December, 1915, from the Rev. S. G. Wilson to Dr. Samuel T. Dutton, Secretary of the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
52. Repatriation of Refugees: Letter, dated Erivan (?),March, 1916, from the Rev. S. G. Wilson; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
VI.---VILAYET OF ERZEROUM.
53. Erzeroum : Record of an Interview between the Rev. H. J. Buxton and the Rev. Robert Stapleton, a missionary of the American Board, resident at Erzeroum from before the outbreak of war until after the capture of the city by the Russians.
54. Erzeroum: Report, dated 25th September, 1915, drawn up by the American Consul-General at Trebizond, after his return from a visit to Erzeroum; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
55. Erzeroum: Abstract of a Report by Mr. B. H. Khounountz, representative of the " All-Russian Urban Union," on a visit to Erzeroum after the Russian occupation; published in the Armenian journal " Horizon," of Tiflis, 25th February, 1916.
56. Erzeroum, : Abstract of a Report by Dr. Y. Minassian, who accompanied Mr. Khounountz to Erzeroum as representative of the Caucasian Section of the " All Russian Urban Union"; published in the Armenian journal " Mschak, " of Tiflis, 8th March, 1916.
57. Erzeroum : Statement by Mr. A. S. Safrastian, dated Tiflis, 15th March, 1916.
58. Erzeroum : Statement by the Kurd Ali-Aghazadé Faro, published in the Armenianjournal'I Mschak," 19th December, 1915.
59. Baibourt: Narrative of an Armenian lady deported in the third convoy; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
60. Baibourt: Statement, reproduced from the Armenian journal "Horizon," of Tiflis, in the Armenian journal "Gotchnag," of New York, 18th March, 1916.
61. Baibourt, Keghi, and Erzindjan Letter, dated Erzeroum, 25th May /7th June, 1915 communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
62. Erzindjan : Statement by two Red Cross Nurses of Danish Nationality, formerly in the service of the German Military Mission at Erzeroum ; communicated by a Swiss gentleman of Geneva.
63. Kamakh and Erzeroum: Statement published in the New York journal "Gotchnag," 4th September, 1915.
VII.---VILAYET OF MAMOURET-UL-AZIZ.
64. H. : Statement made by Miss DA., a Danish lady in the service of the German Red Cross at H., to Mr. DB., at Basle, and communicated by Mr. DB. to Lord Bryce.
65. H. : Report, dated 11th July, 1915, from a foreign resident at H. ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
66. H. : Memorandum forwarded by a foreign resident at H. (the author of the preceding report) ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
67. H. : Narrative of an Armenian Refugee from H. ; communicated to Lord Bryce by the correspondent of the London "Times " at Bukarest.
68. Mamouret-ul-Aziz: Narrative of an Armenian lady deported from C. (a place half-an-hour's distance from H.), describing her journey from C. to Ras-ul-Ain; written after her escape from Turkey, and dated Alexandria, 2nd November, 1915 ; published in the Armenian journal "Gotchnag," of New York, 8th January, 1916.
69. H. : Statement by the Principal of the College, dated 19th July, 1915; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
70. H. : Statement by the Principal of the College, dated 19th July, 1915, relating to the deportation of Armenians from villages in the neighbourhood of H. ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
71. H. : Letter, dated 10th November, 1915, from the Principal of the College at H. to Mr. N. at Constantinople; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
VIII.---VILAYET OF TREBIZOND, AND SANDJAK OF SHABIN KARA HISSAR.
72. Trebizond : Report from a foreign resident at Trebizond; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
73. Trebizond : Extracts from an interview with Comm. G. Gorrini, late Italian Consul-General at Trebizond ; published in the journal "Il Messaggero," of Rome, 25th August, 1915.
74. Trebizond : Narrative of the Montenegrin Kavass of the local branch of the Ottoman Bank; published in the Armenian journal "Arev," of Alexandria, 2nd October, 1915.
75. Kerasond (Kiresoun), Trebizond and Shabin Kara-Hissar: Evidence collected by an Armenian gentleman from eye-witnesses now in Roumania; communicated by the correspondent of the London "Times" at Bukarest.
76. Trebizond and Erzeroum: Despatch from the correspondent of the London "Times " at Bukarest, dated Bukarest, 18th May, and published on the 22nd May, 1916.
IX.---SIVAS: THE CITY AND PARTS OF THE VILAYET.
77. Sivas : Letter from a foreign resident at Sivas, dated 13th July, 1915; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
78. Sivas: Letter written from Malatia by Miss Mary L. Graffam, Principal of the Girls' High School at Sivas, to a correspondent at Constantinople ; reprinted from the Boston "Missionary Herald," December, 1915.
79. Extracts from a letter, dated Massachusetts, 29th August, 1915, from another foreign resident at Sivas to Mr. G. H. Paelian.
80. Sivas : Narrative of a naturalised Ottoman subject, dated New York City, 10th March, 1916; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
81. Sivas: The Adventures of Murad ; narrated by S.H.S." in the journal " The New Armenia," of New York, 1st March, 1916.
82. Sivas : Record of an Interview given by the Refugee Murad to Mr. A. S. Safrastian at Tiflis.
X.---SANDJAK OF KAISARIA.
83. Kaisaria : Statement by a traveller from Kaisaria, published in the Armenian journal "Balkanian Mamoul," of Roustchouk.
84. Everek : Statement published in the Armenian journal "Gotchnag," of New York, 28th August, 1915.
85. K. : Letter from a foreign resident at K. dated 16th November, 1915; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
XI.---THE TOWN OF X.
86. X. : Narrative of the Principal of the College at X. ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
87. X. : Address delivered in America, 13th December, 1915, by a professor from the College at X. ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
88. X. : Statement by Miss AA., a foreign traveller in Turkey; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
89. Narrative of Miss AA., a foreign traveller in Asiatic Turkey, describing a journey from X. to Z., 10th August to 6th September, 1915; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
90. X. : Report from Mr. AL., a foreign resident at L., in Asiatic Turkey, dated 26th August, 1915; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
91. X. (?) : Narrative of a foreign resident of German nationality; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
92. X. : Letter, dated New York City, 30th December, 1915, from Professor QQ., of the College at X., to an Armenian Professor resident beyond the Ottoman frontier.
93. X. : Narrative of a journey from X. to Constantinople, by Professor QQ., of the College at X.; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
94. X. : Narrative of Miss CC., communicated by her to a Swiss gentleman at Geneva during her passage through Switzerland in December, 1915.
XII---THE CITY OF ANGORA.
95. Angora : Statement by a traveller, not of Armenian nationality, who passed through Angora in August, 1915.
96. Angora : Extract from the narrative (Doc. 88) of Miss AA., a foreign traveller in Asiatic Turkey; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
97. Angora: Extract from a letter dated 16th September, 1915; appended to the Memorandum (Doc. 11), dated 15 /28th October, 1915, from a well-informed source at Bukarest.
XIII.---THRACE, CONSTANTINOPLE, BROUSSA AND ISMID.
98. The Metropolitan Districts : Information published in the Armenian journal "Gotchnag," of New York.
99. Constantinople : Letter, dated Constantinople, 13 /26th October, 1915, from an Armenian inhabitant; published in the Armenian journal "Balkanian Mamoul," of Roustchouk.
100. Adrianople : Despatch from the correspondent of the London "Times" at Bukarest, dated 18th December and published on the 21st December, 1915.
101. Broussa : Report by a foreign visitor to the city, dated 24th September, 1915 ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
102. Adapazar : Statement, dated 24th September, 1915, by a foreign resident in Turkey ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
103. Adapazar : Fuller statement by the author of the preceding document; published in the journal "The New Armenia," of New York, 15th May, 1916.
XIV.---THE ANATOLIAN RAILWAY.
104. The Anatolian Railway: Narrative of a journey, during the deportation of the Armenians, by a physician of foreign nationality, who had been resident in Turkey for ten years; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
105. Eski Shehr : Letter from an Armenian victim, published in the Armenian journal "Horizon," of Tiflis, 30th October /12th November, 1915.
106. Afiun Kara Hissar: Letter dated Afiun Kara Hissar, 10th /23rd September, 1915 ; published in the Armenian journal "Horizon," of Tiflis, 30th October/12th November, 1915.
107. Afiun Kara Hissar: Résumé of a letter, dated Afiun Kara Hissar, 2nd/15th October, 1915; appended to the Memorandum (Doc. 11), dated 15/28th October, 1915, from a well-informed source at Bukarest.
108. Afiun Kara Hissar: Letter, dated Massachusetts, 22nd November, 1915, from an American traveller; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
109. Q. : Report from Dr. D., dated Q, 8th September, 1915; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
110. Q. : Report from Dr. E., dated Q_ 3rd September, 1915; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
111. Q. : Letter from Dr, E., dated 27th October, 1915; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
112. Q. : Letter, dated Q., 25th November, 1915, from Dr. E. to Mr. N. at Constantinople; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
113. Konia : Résumé of a letter, dated Konia, 2nd 11 /15th October, 1915; appended to the Memorandum (Doc. 11), dated 15th /28th October, 1915, from a well-informed source at Bukarest.
114. Baghdad Railway: Diary of a foreign resident in the town of B., on a section of the line; edited by William Walter Rockwell, Esq., Ph.D., and published by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief (1916).
115. AE., a town on the Railway: Series of Reports from a foreign resident at AE., communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
116. Letter, dated Aleppo, 5th November, 1915, from Dr. L.,.a foreign resident in Turkey, to Mr. N. at Constantinople ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
117. The Amanus passes : Statements by two Swiss residents in Turkey; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
118. Smyrna --- Aleppo --- Damascus --- Aleppo --- Smyrna. Itinerary of a foreign traveller in Asiatic Turkey communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
XV---CILICIA (VILAYET OF ADANA AND SANDJAK OF MARASH).
119. Cilicia : Address (with enclosure), dated 3rd July, 1915, from the Armenian Colony in Egypt to His Excellency Lieutenant-General Sir J. G. Maxwell, Commander-in-Chief of His Britannic Majesty's Forces in Egypt.
120. Cilicia: Letter, dated 20th June, 1915, from Dr. L., a foreign resident in Turkey ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
121. BM.: Letter from a foreign eye-witness, dated 6th July, 1915, on board a steamship; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
122. Zeitoun : Antecedents of the deportation, recorded by the Rev. Stephen Trowbridge, Secretary of the Cairo Committee of the American Red Cross, from an oral statement by the Rev. Dikran Andreasian, Pastor of the Armenian Protestant Church at Zeitoun.
123. Exiles from Zeitoun : Diary of a foreign resident in the town of B. oil the Cilician plain ; communicated by a Swiss gentleman of Geneva.
124. Exiles from Zeitoun : Further statement by the author of the preceding document; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
125. Exiles from Zeitoun : Letter, dated Konia, 17th July, 1915, from a foreign resident at Konia to Mr. N. at Constantinople; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
126. AF. : Statement, dated 16th December, 1915, by a foreign resident at AF; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
127. AF. : Record of individual cases, drawn up by the author of the preceding statement, and dated 17th December,1915---.11.11.
128. Adana : Statement, dated 3rd December, 1915, by a foreign resident at Adana; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
129. Adana: Statement, dated 9th May, 1916, by Miss Y., a foreign resident at Adana, recording her experiences there from September, 1914, to September, 1915.
XVI---JIBAL MOUSA.
130. Jibal Mousa: The defence of the mountain and the rescue of its defenders by the French Fleet; narrative of an eye-witness, the Rev. Dikran Andreasian, Pastor of the Armenian Protestant Church at Zeitoun.
131. Jibal Mousa : Report, dated Egypt, 28th September, 1915, on the Armenian Refugees rescued and transported to Port Said by the cruisers of the French Fleet ; drawn up by Mgr. Thorgom, Bishop of the Gregorian Community in Egypt.
132. Jibal Mousa : Another report on the Refugees at Port Said, drawn up by My. Tovmas K. Muggerdichian, formerly Dragoman of the British Consulate at Diyarbehir.
XVII.---THE TOWNS OF OURFA AND AC.
133. Ourfa : Letter, dated Ourfa, 14th June, 1915, from Mr. K. ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
134. Ourfa : Extract from a letter by Mr. Tovmas K. Muggerdichian; published in the Armenian journal "Gotchnag," of New York, 1st April, 1916.
135. Ourfa : Interview with Mrs. J. Vance Young, an eyewitness of the events at Ourfa ; published in the "Egyptian Gazette," 28th September/11th October, and reproduced in the Armenian journal "Houssaper, " of Cairo, 30th September /13th October, 1915.
136. Ourfa: Postscript to a memorandum (Doc. 141) by a foreign witness from Aleppo; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
137. AC. : Statement by Miss A., a foreign resident at AC., written subsequently to her departure from Turkey in September, 1915; communicated by the Rev. 1. N. Camp, of Cairo.
138. AC. : Letters from an Armenian inhabitant, describing the deportation of Armenians from Cilicia; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
XVIII.---VILAYET OF ALEPPO.
139. Aleppo : Series of Reports from a foreign resident at Aleppo; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
140. Aleppo: Memorandum, dated Aleppo, 18th June/1st July, 1915 ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
141. Aleppo: Memorandum by a foreign witness from Aleppo; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
142. Aleppo : Message, dated 17th February, 1916, from Fra¸lein O. ; published in the German journal "Sonnenaufgang,"- April, 1916.
XIX.---VILAYET OF DAMASCUS AND SANDJAK OF DER-EL-ZOR.
143. Damascus : Report from a foreign resident at Damascus, dated 20th September, but containing information up to the 3rd October, 1915 ; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
144. Exiles on the Euphrates : Record, dated Erzeroum, June, 1915, by M. Henry Barby, of an interview with Dr. H. Toroyan, an Armenian physician formerly in the service of the Ottoman Army; published in " Le journal," of Paris, 13th July, 1916.
145. Der-el-Zor : Letter, dated 12th July. 1915, from Schwester L. Möhring, a German missionary, describing her journey from Baghdad to the passes of Amanus; published in the German journal " Sonnenaufgang," September, 1915.
XX.---DOCUMENTS RECEIVED WHILE GOING TO PRESS.
146. Despatch from Mr. Henry Wood (Doc. 1) :Fuller version, obtained through the courtesy of the representa tive of the American " United Press" in London.
147. Urmia, Salmas, and Hakkiari: Fuller statement by Mr. Paul Shimmon, edited, as a pamphlet, by the Rev. F. N. Heazell, Organising Secretary of the Arch bishop of Canterbury's Assyrian Mission.
148. First exodus from Urmia: Narrative of Mr. J. D. Barnard, of the Archbishop of Canterbury's Assyrian Mission ; published in the " Assyrian Mission Quarterly Paper," April, 1915.
149. Erzeroum: Letter, dated 21st March, 1916, from the Rev. Robert S. Stapleton to the Hon. F. Willoughby Smith, U.S. Consul at Tiflis; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
150. Message, dated 22nd July, 1916, from Mr. N., of Constantinople; communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief
A SUMMARY OF ARMENIAN HISTORY
UP TO AND INCLUDING THE YEAR 1915
I. The European War and Armenia
II. An Outline of Armenian History
III. Dispersion and Distribution of the Armenian Nation
IV. The Armenian People and the Ottoman Government
V. The Deportations of 1915---Antecedents
VI. The Deportations of 1915---Procedure
ANNEXES
A. Annexe A: "Yesterday a Fief, To-Day our Country"; translation of an editorial article in the Turkish journal "Hilal," 4th April, 1916, communicated by the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief.
B. Annexe B: Letter from Mr. E. Vartanian, an Armenian-American volunteer in the Russian Service, to his brother-in-law in Egypt; dated 9th/22nd July, 1915, and published in the Armenian journal "Houssaper," of Cairo.
C. Annexe C: Alleged text of the Ottoman Government's proclamation ordering the deportation of the Armenians; reprinted from an article by Miss Eleanor Franklin Bean in the Philadelphia "Saturday Evening Post," 5th February, 1916.
D. Annexe D: Statistical Analysis of the racial elements in the Ottoman vilayets of Erzeroum, Van, Bitlis, Mamouret-ul-Aziz, Diyarbekir, and Sivas: drawn up in 1912 by the Armenian Patriarchate at Constantinople.
E. Annexe E: Statistical schedule of Armenian Schools in the Ottoman Empire, drawn up in 1901-2 by the Armenian Patriarchate at Constantinople.
F. Annexe F: Statistical estimate included in the fifth bulletin of the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief, dated New York, 24th May, 1916.
G. Index of Places referred to in the Documents
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